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What are they?
During your time as a PhD you will likely experience:
- your papers, fellowships, and grants being accepted/rejected;
- honors, awards, and jobs you are qualified for being given to you/others;
- and your thoughts, ideas, and values being praised/criticized.
These positive/negative experiences feel personal and, if given the power, can situate how we feel belonging in the broader community of academics. This, is a trap.
Externalities are the entropy of academic growth and research life.